What is hypertension?
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a condition that occurs when the pressure from blood flow within the arteries becomes too high. Over time, this pressure can lead to complications.
A normal blood pressure reading is 120/80 mm Hg or lower. When your blood pressure rises above this level, it’s considered high. However, some people may not be diagnosed with hypertension until blood pressure rises above 140/90 mm Hg.
What causes hypertension?
For most, high blood pressure has no clear cause. In these cases, the condition develops slowly as you age. However, you may have high blood pressure because of another condition, such as a thyroid problem or a kidney problem. In cases where high blood pressure is related to another condition, treating the underlying condition may resolve hypertension.
What are the symptoms of hypertension?
Most people with high blood pressure won’t have any symptoms aside from higher readings when blood pressure is measured. However, if you have extremely high blood pressure, you may experience headaches, nosebleeds, or shortness of breath.
If left untreated, hypertension can eventually lead to serious complications. Examples of potential complications include:
- Metabolic syndrome
- Heart failure
- Aneurysms
- Heart attack
- Stroke
- Problems with blood vessels in the kidneys or eyes
How do you diagnose hypertension?
Dr. De Castro and Dr. Basit usually diagnose hypertension based on your blood pressure readings at several appointments. They may also recommend at-home blood pressure monitoring for a specific period. If your level is consistently too high, Dr. De Castro or Dr. Basit confirms hypertension and recommends treatment options.
What treatments for hypertension are available?
Some people with high blood pressure may be able to lower blood pressure levels through lifestyle changes alone. Examples of lifestyle changes that may improve blood pressure levels include:
- Reducing salt intake
- Eating a healthier diet
- Exercising regularly
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Quitting smoking
In cases where high blood pressure doesn’t respond to lifestyle changes, you may need medication to keep blood pressure at a safe level. Examples of medications prescribed to those with high blood pressure include beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and renin inhibitors.
Because hypertension often goes unnoticed until symptoms develop, it’s important to visit De Castro & Basit, MDs, for testing. Call the office or book an appointment online.
